Projects

DFG Project 2024–2026

Regulatory Effects of Corpus Luteum and Relaxin on the Human Decidua

This project investigates whether the absence of a corpus luteum (CL) and relaxin in pregnancies achieved through assisted reproductive technologies (ART) contributes to a dysfunctional decidua, potentially leading to complications such as preeclampsia. ART pregnancies are known to carry a higher risk for this severe hypertensive disorder.

Using primary human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) derived from biopsies, we examine the functional and molecular characteristics of decidualization and its interaction with trophoblast and endothelial cells. We also analyze extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by hESCs at both functional and transcriptomic levels. By modulating non-coding RNAs within these EVs, we aim to assess their influence on trophoblast and endothelial behavior in 2D and 3D in vitro systems. This project seeks to provide insights into the mechanisms of preeclampsia and contribute to strategies for restoring decidual health during the periconceptional period.

BMBF-CEPRE 2024–2026

Deciphering Endometrial Dynamics: Assembloids from Menstrual Flow as Models for Studying Implantation

Recurrent Implantation Failure (RIF) is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after at least three IVF cycles using high-quality embryos. This condition is influenced by various physiological and molecular factors, including insufficient endometrial receptivity.

Our research aims to develop advanced in vitro systems to better understand the human implantation process. We generate three-dimensional endometrial assembloids using menstrual flow–derived cells, replicating the structural and functional features of the human endometrium.

By comparing assembloids from RIF patients and fertile controls, we identify altered molecular pathways and test gene modulation via siRNA transfection. Additionally, we examine interactions between blastocyst-like spheroids and endometrial assembloids to simulate early implantation. The creation of pathological endometrial organoid and assembloid models, alongside healthy controls, offers promising approaches for investigating endometrial biology and pathology.

BMBF-CEPRE 2024–2026

Regulation of Sirtuin 1 by microRNAs during endometrial aging and its role in reproductive failure

Age-related infertility is often attributed to ovarian decline, but recent findings emphasize the role of the endometrium. This dynamic tissue undergoes hundreds of regenerative cycles and must successfully decidualize for implantation and placental development.

This project explores how aging impacts endometrial function, focusing on Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a key epigenetic regulator involved in aging, inflammation, and decidualization. SIRT1 expression is reduced in endometrial cells from RIF patients.

We investigate the regulation of SIRT1 by microRNAs, particularly miR-34a and miR-9-5p, using cell lines and biopsies from women of different ages. Techniques include luciferase reporter assays, co-immunoprecipitation, and in situ hybridization. Finally, we assess whether miRNA inhibitors (antagomiRs) can restore decidualization in vitro. This project aims to identify molecular targets for age-related reproductive failure.